Ceramic engineering

A ceramic is an inorganic, non-metallic solid prepared by the action of heat and subsequent cooling. Ceramic materials may have a crystalline or partly crystalline structure, or may be amorphous (e.g., a glass). Because most common ceramics are crystalline, the definition of ceramic is often restricted to inorganic crystalline materials, as opposed to the non-crystalline glasses.
The earliest ceramics were pottery objects made from clay, either by itself or mixed with other materials. Ceramics now includes domestic, industrial and building products and art objects. In the 20th century new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic engineering, for example, in semiconductors.
The word ceramic comes from the Greek word κεραμικός (keramikos) meaning pottery, which is said toderive from the Indo-European word ker, meaning heat.Ceramic may be used as an adjective describing a material, product or process; or as a singular noun, or, more commonly, as a plural noun,ceramics.

Types of ceramic productsFor convenience ceramic products are usually divided into sectors, and these are shown belowwith some examples:
Structural, including bricks, pipes, floor and roof tiles Refractories, such as kiln linings, gas fire radiants, steel and glass making crucibles Whitewares, including tableware, wall tiles, pottery products, and sanitary ware Technical, is also known as Engineering, Advanced, Special, and in Japan, Fine Ceramics. Such items include tiles used in the Space Shuttle program, gas burner nozzles, ballistic protection, nuclear fuel uranium oxide pellets, bio-medical implants, jet engine turbine blades, and missile nose cones. Frequently the raw materials do not include clays.

Examples of whiteware ceramics Bone china Earthenware, which is often made from clay, quartz and feldspar. Porcelain, which are often made from kaolin Stoneware.

Ceramic Engineers deals with the study of the properties, manufacture, design and applications of ceramic materials. Ceramic engineers are involved in any of the following areas of work:

Research : Ceramic technologists use their scientific knowledge to anticipate new applications to replace existing products. Research work involves the study and application of chemical and thermal interactions of oxides which make ceramics.

Design : Ceramic engineers modify the design of the machinery and tools used in the production process and also work on the design of ceramic products.

Production: Since ceramic has such diverse uses the ceramic technologists generally specialise in the technological developments of specific production processes. Ceramic technologists may specialisein glass working in industries engaged in manufacture of tableware, fibre optics, bulbs, window panes, electronics ancillaries. Specialist in structural clay work in the manufacture of enamelled articles and pipes, engine pars, tools artificial limbs or cement used in construction or ceramic wares such as tiles, pottery and bathroom and kitchen fixtures. Highly demanding specialisation is for the electronics sector for manufacturing integrated circuits, sensors etc.

Testing : The samples prepared for production are tested for color, surface finish, texture, strength and uniformity and for the and for the correction of the manufacturing processes by engineers in testing laboratories. Even the quality of raw materials used in the industry is tested.

Sales : They also work in sales for understanding customer needs for projecting these requirements to guide further research.

Students pursuing Physics, Chemistry, Maths must clear the entrance test to engineering colleges offering a B.Tech (Ceramics) course. Postgraduate courses can be taken by graduates in the subject or related discipline. GATE score may be required.

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INSTITUTES / COLLEGES IN INDIA OFFERING CERAMIC ENGINEERING

College of Ceramic Technology, 73, AC Banerjee Lane, Calcutta 700010 40 B.Sc.(Tech.) 4 years Indian Institute of Ceramics, C/o Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, Calcutta - 700032 University College of Science & Technology 92, Acharya Prafulla Chancra Road, Calcutta 700009 Benaras Hindu University, Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076 Regional Engineering College, Roukela 769008 15 BE Ceramics PDA College of Engineering, Gulbarga- 5805102 40 B.E.in Cement and Ceramics Techj. Anna University, Allagappa College of Tech. Guindy, Chennai - 600025

B.TEch.Ceramics Indian Institute of Ceramics The Associate Membership Examination of the institute of generally held in October/November. The examination consists of theoretical papers and practicals and vivavoce examinations. The minimum qualification requirement is a B.Sc degree or a Diploma in Ceramics with two years of professional experience in the field of ceramics. The B.Sc degree holders must have passed the examination with Mathematics together with Physics, Chemistry, and Zoology. The examinations are held in Chennai, Gudur and Calcutta.